Brain tumors are the intracranial tumor which is created by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division either in the brain, in the cranial nerves the brain envelopes, skull, pituitary and pineal gland, or spread from cancers primarily located in other organs. Brain tumors cover entire skull, pituitary and pineal gland, or spread from cancers. Usually brain tumors are located in the posterior cranial fossa in children and in the anterior two-thirds of the cerebral hemispheres in adults. Brain tumors affect any part of brain.
The tumors that occur in brain include astrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, sembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, oligodendrogliomas, ependymoma, glioblastoma multiforme, mixed gliomas, oligoastrocytomas, medulloblastoma, retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, germinoma and teratoma. Many brain tumors are there that originate from the glia such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, or ependymal cells. There are also primary brain tumors some other verities of it include primitive neuroectodermal tumors, tumors of the pineal parenchyma,ependymal cell tumors, choroid plexus tumors, neuroepithelial tumors with unknown origin. Recently in the year 2005 in United States based on survey report it was found that there were 43,800 new cases of brain tumors. brain tumor leads to different life threatening diseases such as 1.4 percent of all cancers, 2.4 percent of all cancer deaths, and 20–25 percent of pediatric cancers and finally it was found that there are 13,000 deaths/year as a result of brain tumors.
According to the historical perspective the other forms of brain tumors such as the astrocytomas, oligondedrogliomas, oligoastrocytomas, and teratomas may be benign or malignant. Another major type of primary intracranial tumor is primary cerebral lymphoma, which is also called as primary CNS lymphoma; a major type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that is much more prevalent in those with severe immunosuppression, e.g. AIDS. Unlike cancers the primary brain tumors are very rarely spread throughout the body. The tumor cells spread within the skull and the spinal canal by the cerebrospinal fluid, and not by the bloodstream to other organs.
Brain tumors have been differently classified the most important classification of this is the World Health Organization (WHO) brain tumor classification, introduced in 1993. Another stage of brain tumors the secondary or the metastatic brain tumors which originates from malignant tumors and is located primarily in other organs. The secondary brain tumors are commonly found than the primary cases. The most commonly found type of the brain tumor originates in the lung, skin called as malignant melanoma, kidney called as hypernephroma, breast called as breast carcinoma, and colon called as colon carcinoma.
The symptom of brain tumor usually depends on two different factors such as the size of the tumor and its location in the brain. Another symptom is the beginning of epilepsy which is a frequent cause for seeking medical attention in brain tumor cases. Depending on the location of the tumor and the state of its damage it can cause to brain different type of focal neurological symptoms.
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